The recent shift towards multipolarity - the rise of BRICS and other middle powers - and the impending crises due to climate change mean that global dynamics have become more complex, supply chains more uncertain, and regional integration more unpredictable. Unidirectional flows of labour and capital, bi-directional flows of trade, and unbalanced power and security relations have characterised the GCC and Horn of Africa’s long-standing relationships since the 1970s. How these relationships change in the future is important for both regions, as GCC countries embark on economic diversification in response to a decarbonising world and countries in the Horn of Africa strive to adapt to the inevitably negative impacts of climate change on people and development. This workshop will focus on the connections across this vast region which is usually studied separately as the Gulf and Sub-Saharan Africa, and will look at ways in which security, trade and labour relationships reproduce inequalities across the region. The workshop will bring together interdisciplinary scholars working across African studies and Middle Eastern studies in economics, political science, anthropology, and history. The goal is to foster science diplomacy that can lead to deliberative policy making - particularly addressing the potential impacts of the climate crisis and regional instability - that considers the interest of the region as a whole.